Process Documentation And Comprehensive Report Of The Three-Days Symposium On The Theme Of

‘SOCIETAL PEACE’

Venue- Peaceful Society, Goa/ 16th to 18th February 2003

Ideas and views shared by delegates before the commencement of the symposium:

 Prof. Prakash representing Bihar Swaraj stressed upon the importance of such symposium in today’s conflict-torn society. Peace, he opined, is very important for human existence. He also stressed upon holding of symposiums at local level, too. After the question on how this symposium will help him & his organisation, he commented that this will help build awareness among youth, labour & women community at grass root level.

For Gujarat delegates, this is an opportunity to interact & share knowledge & experiences with activists from other states. Raju Dipti, expressed his desire to interact more with secular activists and share woes & grief of Gujarat people particularly after post Godhra incident. He expressed sufferings of the people in Gujarat caused due to the recent communal riots. He hoped that this symposium would strengthen their morale and would also help them play a positive role in relieving psychosocial trauma caused due to recent carnage.

Noorani Mohammed opined peace is like salt in food. Without peace human existence is impossible. He further stressed upon importance of secularism to strengthen the cause of human rights and peaceful co-existence of both communities viz. Hindus & Muslims. He also explained the role of Maitri Abhiyan (friendship movement) in restoring secular fabric of Gujarat society.

Gujarat team is trying to bring together affected people from both the communities on a single platform and develop spirit of love, brotherhood and mutual confidence among them. They also explained about various activities conducted by them for restoration of peace and communal harmony in the riot torn areas of Gujarat. They also showed keen interest in holding similar seminars and symposium in their local areas. In general, the delegates opined that this symposium will be a ground for more learning and will also help them in continuing with social activities more effectively in the region of Gujarat.

 “Knowing that this is a symposium particularly meant to focus upon the issues like growing religious fundamentalism in India, we have decided to attend it”, opined one of the teammate, Shri.Ranjeet Verma from Delhi group. Miss Swati from Delhi also found this symposium as an opportunity to interact with people from diverse social fields and also can help her write an article on the symposium for Delhi based newspapers and periodicals. The group also felt it necessary to hold such programmes in Delhi.

“Actually organising such events in conflict prone zones like U.P., Delhi & Maharashtra is a necessity of today,” stressed Shri. Ramesh Sharma. However, he further emphasised a peaceful place like Goa is ideal to hold deliberations upon sensitive issues like Societal Peace and Communal Harmony and then to go to conflict torn places with a message derived from this symposium. Besides,  Shri. Sharmaji also opined that growing consumerism & corruption are some of the core factors leading towards societal tensions.

Rajasthan Group, which is new to total Swaraj process were of the opinion that they have come here to learn more about Gandhian concept of “Total Swaraj”. They have come here to learn the strategy devised during this 3-day Symposium to help them combat the growing communalism in their own region.

A senior delegate from Tamilnadu Prof. S.N. Nagarajan lamented that we have seen more killings of human beings than during the Second World War since last 40 years. So, according to him, we have to look into the root causes of these   wars  & find out who are responsible for the same to achieve lasting peace and think of the ways to defeat this global enemy. He also commented that we should know who is providing guns to the innocent people of the third world countries who don’t have enough to eat. The group added further that they are also intending to hold similar symposiums at their local level.

Shri.Dinkar Chowdhary opined that it would be not better for any activist to work in isolation. We have come here to learn from other social activists who are working in similar fields, in particular, towards restoration of communal harmony. We wish to learn more about this subject in this Symposium, was a general opinion of the Maharashtra group. Shri.Balasaheb Pawar alarmingly expressed his concern over growing religious fundamentalism even at village level and expressed his hope that a meaningful strategy would be evolved during this ongoing Symposium to combat communalism.

INAUGURAL SESSION:

The symposium on ‘societal peace’ began with an inaugural song on the subject of Swaraj at 4.00 pm in front of the campus building of peaceful society. The delegates were asked to collect some unique item from the campus & display it on a tray in the symposium hall symbolising unity among diversity, which is a unique feature of India. Shri. Ramachandra P. Desai initiated the inaugural session by singing a song on the theme of communal harmony and national integration. After this, a play was presented by the Gujarat group, beautifully conveying the importance of communal amity and religious tolerance. The play depicted how one can look at one particular thing from different religious perspectives and can still find unity in it. In the end, the play summarised Gandhiji as a symbol of unity & national integration. Then, a song was presented by Lukman Ansari highlighting importance of religious tolerance. This song was followed by Swaraj geet.

To begin with, there was an inaugural welcome speech by Shri K. K. Mani, which was followed by the introduction of all participants gathered from states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Orissa, Kerala, Tamilnadu, Delhi, Rajasthan, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Bihar and Goa. Shri.Mani introduced Shri.Badal Da Sengupta and he was offered with items collected by delegates as a token of unity among diversity. Then, Badalda took reigns as a facilitator of the session. He explained the theme of the symposium and appealed the delegates to contribute positively to arrive at a proper perspective of societal peace. He further appealed the gathering to apply more heart than the brain to arrive at various options to restore peace in its true spirit in Indian society. He initiated the deliberations by asking delegates to express their views on how well the major religious faiths adhere and advocate universal principles and core values like    brotherhood, non-violence, human dignity, and reverence towards man and nature. In reply, some of the delegates pointed out such reverential features from various religious faiths like Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism and unorganised one like Adivasi way of life. Advocate Sk. Quraish from Orissa and Dr. Yamin from Gujarat spoke on Islam. Advocate Sk. Quraish stressed upon the principles of equality and brotherhood as understood from the Islam point of view. Dr. Yamin highlighted on principle of tolerance, which is precisely the need of today’s strife torn world. To substantiate his viewpoint, he quoted some of the stanzas from Qur’an.

Goninder Singh from Delhi spoke on Sikhism. He emphasized that the core principle of Sikhism to be peace and happiness of all mankind. In Sikhism, we also adore and respect the preaching of great saints from other faiths like Saint Ravi Das, saint Namdev (Vaishnav Saint), saint Kabir and also some of the sufi saints .In our faith, efforts have always been taken to eradicate caste and class prejudices from the society. In particular, Guru Nanakji professed unity and universality of God.

Ulhas Arolkar from Goa spoke on Buddhism. He emphasised upon how well Buddhism advocates non-violence, love, tolerance and brotherhood and sisterhood. Stressing upon the importance of principles like respect for nature, spirit of enquiry and scientific attitude, he stressed Buddhism as the only religion nearer to these principles.

While initiating his views on Christianity Comrade Christopher Fonseca, put up in nutshell the principles of love and service towards the poorest of the poor. He highlighted in brief the sermon of Jesus Christ on mountain and expressed that the preaching of Jesus are also core principles enshrined in other religious holy texts like Qur’an and Mahabharata. He proved his point by taking examples from other religions, too. Shri. Soter D’souza from Goa also expressed his views on principles of love, 7y highlighted the core principles of Hinduism by quoting relevant verses from Vedas and Upanishads. He also brought home the concept of “Aham Brahmasmi” (I am the universal spirit) and “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam” (The world is my family) in simple and lucid language. Shri Ghanashyam, in his contemplation about Adiwasis way of life, explained the gathering about deep affiliation and oneness of Adivasis with nature. “For Adiwasis, ‘Nature’ is the only God, the protector and sustainer of their community” remarked Shri Ghanashyam. Badal da applauded the way religions have positively contributed in the growth of human civilisation. However, he also lamented on the darker side of religions, in the sense that these religions have also been cause of social unrest in the whole human history. And, here, he explained exactly why the symposium has to concentrate on the concept of ‘Societal Peace’ from the context of various organised and unorganised religions.  The transaction was translated in Hindi for better understanding of Non-Hindi groups by Shri Mani.

Evening session:

Evening session began with a gathering outside of the hall and stood around a magnificent lamp to have celebration of light and music. Each participant with an earthen lamp glittering in hand, and with heart and face glowing with love and compassion towards the humanity, was a spectacular and hypnotising scene. The participants were more vocal and free in their expressions. They shared their feelings and views about ‘Societal Peace’. Many of the participants recited inspiring songs. The whole atmosphere was charged with emotions of patriotism, national integration and love for humanity. In a way, it was a prayer session, with colourful lights and ‘peace’ music adding effects at back ground. It was a memorable pledge taking ceremony to work for achieving societal peace, love and brotherhood at individual as well as collective and organisational level. This session was concluded with a local presentation of folk art depicting Goa’s colourful Shigmotsav.

17.  02. 2003

Morning Session

Session started at 9.30 a.m. with a prayer by Shri. Goninder Singh. This was followed by patriotic songs from different languages representing different states.  Shri. Badalda initiated this days proceeding by introducing purpose behind the symposium. He appealed the participants to form different groups and have independent deliberations in order to reach to appropriate, meaningful and effective actions tomorrow. For this, he provided an exercise of having comprehensive, sound and in-depth discussions within every group upon what “societal peace” stands for, besides the definition highlighted in the resource work “Provisional Framework for the symposium on Societal Peace”. According to framework, societal peace is not the absence of war or overt violence but it is a state of the society also without latent or manifest violence of any nature. The framework further says that societal peace encompasses the values of justice, equality, fraternity, secularity, reciprocal esteem, tolerance, mutual acceptance, social space and status. Here, Badalda further incorporated three more points, viz. democracy, participation and decentralisation. According to the above draft, societal peace also in no way negates the space for and utility of constructive conflicts for the sake of societal evolution or transformation as long as these are peaceful and not overtly or covertly violent. Further, the draft says that societal peace means peace between societies and nations, between geo-political entities (e.g. the states in India), between ethnic groups, castes, classes, ideological or political formations (capitalistic and socialistic pattern of governance), language, cultural entities and genders.

The next intellectual exercise for the delegates was to mutually develop comprehensive, in-depth and sound collective understanding on the meanings of societal peace. This was, in order to jointly workout a common understanding of what we mean by societal peace. After going through the draft, with slight variations / changes / additions, the draft was unanimously accepted by all to be a meaningful definition of the term societal peace. Shri. Badalda, further, appealed the gathering to form groups to focus on following themes related to societal peace. Here, Badalda urged upon the delegates to understand the manifestations, effects, root causes, solutions, inter- linkages etc. to arrive at proper perspective of what constitutes for the lack of societal peace. In other words, Badalda wanted to know what is lacking in causing lack of societal peace in order to further contemplate upon remedial measures for the same.  He also explained how we find in our reality as well as in many realities globally that there exists lack of societal peace. “Therefore we need to understand according to each dimension, the manifestation, the effects and the causes. When we know the manifestations, causes and effects then we shall be in a position to articulate steps, actions and areas for the future to promote societal peace in our society. This can also help us address this issue and also can help us achieve societal peace one day or the other. Further, this can also help us arrive at the conclusion part, the Goa Declaration”, urged Badalda. For this, he put forward an exercise by arranging following meditative – reflective- analytical- work groups:

1.       Lack or absence of societal peace between societies and nations (group led by Shri. Mani)

2.       Lack or absence of societal peace between religions (group led by Shri. Raju Dipti)

3.       Lack or absence of societal peace between classes (group led by Shri. Binod Mohanty)

4.       Lack or absence of societal peace between ethnicities (group led by Shri.Ghanashyam)

5.       Lack or absence of societal peace between ideological and political forces (group led by Shri. Anil Chowdhary)

6.       Lack or absence of societal peace between language and culture (group led by Dr.Yamin)

7.       Lack or absence of societal peace between genders (group led by Ms. Hema)

8.       Lack or absence of societal peace between castes (group led by Shri.Shantaram Pandere)

Many of the participants opined that there can be more than eight reasons for the lack of societal peace. Shri Raju Dipti wanted to add ‘Lack or absence of societal peace due to lack of cooperative coexistence between nature and human kind’. Dr. Nagarajan from Kerala said that the concept of peace is deceptive and unless the employment is guaranteed to our youths, the big talk on the subject is futile. For him, empowerment of the youths is a pre-requisite for initiating any talk on the subject of societal peace. One important view point was put forward by Shri Pandere from Maharashtra. He wanted disempowering of the oppressing group and in turn empowering of the oppressed one.  He further reiterated that the concept of conqueror and conquered should be removed from the human psyche for ensuring societal peace in the real sense of the term.

With these, and many other important suggestions, Badalda advised all the groups to submit their report by going through the whole contents and doing necessary corrections and / or additions to arrive at fair perspective from all the angles. These groups were requested to submit their reports on the next day morning session for further joint reading and reflections. Then, there was a variety entertainment programme, in particular, depicting the indigenous culture of Goa presented by students of a primary school.

18.02.2003:

Morning session began with songs in different languages representing different cultures of various states in India. It was a unique presentation of ‘unity in diversity’ of various cultures through melodious folk songs from languages like Hindi, Konkani, Bengali, Oriya etc. Shri. Sahantram Pandere presented an “Akhand” a poetic verse from the book of Mahatma Jyotiba Phule.

To begin with, Dr. Yamin presented his comprehensive conception about societal peace by adding valuable suggestions and reflections submitted by the delegates in the earlier day evening session.

SOCIETAL PEACE

Societal peace is not the absence of war or overt violence but it is a state of the society also without latent or manifest violence of any nature. Societal peace encompasses the values of justice, equality, fraternity, morality, secularity, reciprocal esteem, tolerance, mutual acceptance, social space and status, democracy, participation, decentralisation, co-operative co-existence of mankind with nature. Societal peace also in no way negates the space for and utility of constructive conflicts for the sake of societal evolution or transformation as long as these are peaceful and not overtly or covertly violent. Societal peace means peace between societies and nations, between geo-political entities (e.g. the states in India), between ethnic groups, castes, classes, ideological or political formations (capitalistic and socialistic pattern of governance), language, cultural entities and last but not the least genders. Youth empowerment and freedom from the psychological concepts of “conquered and conquerors” are needed to ensure societal peace. Societal peace also means flexibility and liberality in ideologies, be it religious and political to accommodate future revolutionary and reformative ideas, knowing their value in the precise context of time and space we are living in.

Facilitator advised the group leaders to submit their reports according to format explained during earlier evening session. Most of the reports were excellent and according to the expectations, remarked Badalda. A Task Force was formed for the final consolidation and compilation of all the reports after taking into consideration valuable suggestions from the gathering. The Task Force members were as follows: Shri. Anil Chowdhary, Shri. Shantaram Pandere, Shri. Binod Mohanty, Shri. Raju Dipti, Shri. Arun Vinayak,   Ms. Hema,  Ms. Dipti Raju, Ms. Swati Mohanty and Shri. Ulhas Arolkar.

The meditative – reflective- analytical- work groups presented their reports in a given format as follows:    

Theme: Lack or absence of societal peace between societies and nations

Facilitator

Manifestation

Effects

Way Ahead/ Action Plan

K. K. Mani

 

Members:

Maqbool Ahamed, Deepti Raju,

Shahista Bakhari, P.N. Murugesan,

Jeevan Jagannath, Ramchandran, Subhash Nimbalkar

1.       Every religion using symbols more covertly.

2.       More clear & aggressive divide.

3.       Elections –Musharraf or Modi

4.       Language divide between- Hindus, Muslims & Christians

5.       Division in the market

6.       Colonies having population of minorities are seen with doubt, suspicion and hate – e.g. .Pakistani, Bangladeshi  Srilankan, Portuguese etc.

7.       Anger is growing due to economic sanctions and war

8.       The Gujarat experiment is a step towards complete Hindu state

9.       Anti Muslim mission is going on

10.    Muslims are also gearing up against Hindu fundamentalism

11.    Crisis of faith between two religions

12.    Muslim parents who were earlier sending their children in English medium schools have withdrawn back.

13.    Polarisation of Muslim community

14.    Neutralisation of liberal forces

15.    People are becoming more sensitive towards ritual religions.

16.    There is a rise in temples and mosques which consequently encourages the fanatic culture

17.    More budgets are allocated for the purpose of militarization / defence than that of poverty alleviation.

18.    Irresponsible behaviour on the part of religions

Division of families, partly in Pakistan and Bangladesh and partly in India

1.         Peace less society

2.         Rise of intolerance

3.         Militerisation and terrorism

 

4.         Process of change and reform slowed down / reversed

5.         Insecurity and instability between neighbouring countries due to image of India as a big brother

6.         Insecurity Growing intervention of  US or UK in  South Asian countries

Causes

1. Domination of ruling class and castes in Indian politics

2. Imperialistic intervention of western forces e.g. US and UK

3. Communal attitude

4. Poverty, fear, hunger and corruption

Interlinks

Religion

1.   Religious fundamentalism which is used for political gains lead society towards violence.

2.   Disturbances among communities

3.   Ghettoization of communities

Class

1.                 Marginalisation of Dalits,

2.                 Adiwasis and labourers  

Language and culture

1.   Homogenization of cultures

2.   Destruction of  languages of minorities and lower communities

 

1.   To expose internal &external forces which are sources  of unrest in this sub-continent

2.   Cultural and  political interaction and dialogue to develop confidence

3.   To work for growth of community having respect for all religions

4.   Secularism should be the driving force

 

 

Theme: Lack or absence of societal peace between religions

Facilitator

Manifestation

Effects

Way Ahead / Action Plan

Shri. Raju Dipti

1.   Lack of trust in the people of other faiths [Feeling of insecurity]

2.   Marginalization / pauperization of minority community

3.   Lack of basic amenities and education to minority community

4.   Economic boycott on the ground of religion

5.   Ghettoisation

6.   Genocide

7.   Theocratic state

8.   Communal carnage

9.   Different standards for different classes

10.Use of black money in religion

11.Rise of militancy / fundamentalist forces

12.Devdasi custom

13.Divorce

14.Acceptance of four wives in Muslims

15.Position of widow

16.Exploitation of married women

17.  

1.   To look down people of other religions as inferior

2.   Campaign and slogans creating hatred within different religions

3.   To attack on other’s religious views

4.   To distort history in favour of a certain religion in order to derive political mileage from it.

5.   Exploitation of SC and ST communities on the ground of religion

6.   Propagation of superstitions like astrology and black magic in the name of religion

7.   Self-proclaimed protector of religion

8.   Exploitation of women in the name of religion 

Causes

1.       Superiority complex (We are the Aryans)

2.       Ego problem

3.       Organized form of religion

4.       Use of religion in politics

5.       Ideological differences, e.g. origin of universe, life after death, reward and punishment and concept of God

6.       Fear of unknown

7.       Lack of rationality

8.       instinctual curiosity about future

9.       Greed

10.    Lack of scientific temper

11.    Patriarchy

12.    Power of wealth / status

1.   Inter-caste and inter-religious marriages

2.   Debate / positive discussion within castes and religions to seek harmonious relationship and co-existence among them

3.   Joint action committee and movement

4.   Long and short term planning to ensure societal peace in the society

5.   To create and develop secular human force for ensuring societal peace

6.   To establish a joint front / mission of social activists, volunteers, journalists, advocates, trade union leaders and workers, doctors and scholars

7.   To create funds from positive source

Inter-relation of religion with…

1.       politics

2.       Ideological formation

3.       Gender and social

4.       caste and class

5.       societies and nations like India and Pakistan

 

Theme: Lack or absence of societal peace between classes

Facilitator

Manifestation

Effects

Way Ahead/ Action Plan

Binod Mohanty

 

Other members:

S. S. Kumar,

A. Noorani, Vishwajit, Balasaheb, Narayan,

Christopher

1. Following conflicting classes are manifested in the society:

Capitalist v/s Working

Majority v/s Minority

Political v/s Non-political

Land lord v/s Land less

Civilized v/s Non-civilized

Literate v/s illiterate

2. Agriculture and labour Unions and their movements

3. Emphasis towards various skills in offices and companies.

4. Lockouts of companies

5. Unequal sharing of resources e.g. land, water, power and infrastructure facilities.

6. Caste and culture is also interlinked to class.

7. All the classes are inter-related. 

 

1.       Rising gulf among socio-economic status of various classes.

2.       Rising social insecurity

3.       Rising unemployment

4.       Gender inequality

5.       Underemployment

6.       Differences in literacy status

7.       Deterioration of societal peace

8.       Poor production

9.       Weak economy

10.    Rallies, bandhs, stone throwing and slogans in the streets.  

11.    Loss of lives

12.    Social and economic boycott

 

1.       The literacy status should be improved.

2.       Explaining the position of both conflicting classes.

3.       To adopt a positive strategy in order to eliminate existing class system.

4.       NGO’s should address this class menace.

5.       Psychosocial techniques should be adopted.

6.       To create better and peaceful living conditions for minorities.

7.       All social conflicts should be resolved in a peaceful manner through mutual dialogue.

8.       To follow Gandhian principle of societal peace.

9.       Promotion of volunteers in every sector of society.

10.    To organize training camps, exposure visits, seminars and workshops as a part of capacity building for such volunteers.

11.    To encourage people’s organization.

12.    To struggle for the right of information.

13.    To fight to prevent global terrorism.    

 

Theme: Lack or absence of societal peace between ethnicities

Facilitator

Manifestation

Effects

Way Ahead/ Action Plan

Ghanashyam

1.       Means of production, technology and marketisation are controlled by dominating classes.

2.       Competition forestablishing superiority of one religion over another and consequent rat race to convert indigenous communities

3.       Rising consumerism is taking Adiwasis away from sense of community ship to narrow individual interests.

4.       Inability of ‘left ideology’ to comprehend Adiwasis issues 

5.       Legal issues like common property resources and pwerless Gramsabhas  in Adiwasis community

6.       Dominant class and caste ‘claste’ co-opting the Adiwasis leadership

7.       Change in diet and life style

8.       People are looking aged

9.       Change of place of worship and change in concept of God

10.    Community agriculture is taken over by cash crops

11.    Influence of caste system

12.    Shift from traditional medical / care systems

13.    Forest Act

14.    Intrusion of Non-Adiwasis culture

15.    Deforestation

16.    Health hazards

17.    Commercialization of forests (Eucalyptus and bamboos)

18.    Change in marriage system

19.    Increase in trafficking of women and rise in prostitution

20.    Increase in criminal activities and beggary among Adiwasis

 

1.       Destructive developmental process

2.       Insensitive and adverse bureaucracy

3.       Unconcerned and unplanned industrial development

4.       The tendency of survival of the fittest is rising among Adiwasis

5.       Rising neglect towards community development

6.       The attempts are on to conquer nature.

7.       Major projects are leading to displacement and migration.

8.       Domination of non-Adiwasis languages in education

9.       Non- implementation of Article 244 (5th Schedule) of the Indian Constitution

10.    Intrusion of Hidutva

11.    Intrusion of caste system 

12.    Adiwasis uprooted from their homes, hearths and homeland.

13.    Destruction of livelihood

14.    Destruction of self-governance system

15.    Erosion of nature and natural resources

16.    Intrusion of organized religion is destroying the world view of Adiwasis.

17.    Adverse effects of public distribution system on traditional food habits

18.    Destruction of indigenous medicinal systems

19.    Displacement, migration, and pauperization are on the rise.

20.    Religious fanaticism is destroying Adiwasis consensus living.

21.     Domination by ‘CLASTES’

22.    Homogenization of languages

23.    Erosion and destruction of bio-diversity

24.    Intrusion of gender inequality in terms of ‘Patriarchal system’

 

1.       To motivate  Adiwasis community all over the country towards greater alliance

2.       To accept the development processes through the perspective of indigenous community

3.        To protect indigenous rights over natural resources

4.       To protect and develop the pluralistic culture and diverse languages of Adiwasis

5.       To protect and implement 5th Schedule of the Constitution

6.       To protect the traditional self-governance system of Adiwasis

7.       Counter the policies of ‘LPG’ and ‘CF’

8.       To strengthen gender equality

9.       Oppose all types of displacements. Those who are already displaced should be adequately compensated and rehabilitated.  These people should also be provided with employment.

10.    Protect nature and natural resources  with the help of Adiwasis community

 

Theme: Lack or absence of societal peace between ideological and political forces

Facilitator

Manifestation

Effects

Way Ahead/ Action Plan

Anil Chowdhary

 

Other members:

Renu, Sumi, Lukman,

B. Bagi,

R. Sharma, Nagarajan,

Abdul Shafique,

D. P. Sinha and K. K. Rai.

 

1.       Deterioration of social and moral values in politics

2.       Weakening of four pillars of parliamentary democracy.

3.       Deterioration of ideologies for which political parties were known.

4.       Weakening of opposition as a prominent force in the parliamentary democracy.

5.       Misuse of public offices of Government of India.

6.       There is a marked distance between words and deeds.

1.       Distancing of people from political process.

2.       The ill effects of neo-liberalism are visible upon welfare process in the states of India.

3.       The ideologies in politics are becoming weak.

4.       In ideological and political thinking process, the concept of societal peace is not addressed adequately.

1.       To empower mass movement and encourage people’s intervention for better results.

 

Theme: Lack or absence of societal peace between language and culture

Facilitator

Manifestation

Effects

Way Ahead / Action Plan

Dr. Yamin

1.       Language is a part of culture

2.       Language manifests class difference

Hindi belt

3.       Not speaking Hindi in public is sign of upper class

4.       Society patronises English

5.       Formation of provinces e.g. Bengal, Gujarat, Maharashtra

6.       Shrinking of regional languages

7.       Inability of lower class to develop their languages

8.       During freedom struggle, Hindi as well as Urdu united and motivated countrymen.

9.       Despite Hindi being a national language, half hearted efforts are seen in promoting it.

10.    Anti-Hindi propaganda

Insecurity among regional languages

11.    Fund less Urdu Academies

In Orissa

12.    Urdu reader reads books published in other states.

13.    Urdu reader has no awareness about Oriya culture

14.    Ultimately, these people are blamed for not mixing in common stream and thus further leading to conflicts.

15.    Colour discrimination in language e.g. “Baba black ship”

16.    Language v/s survival e.g. Urdu writer ultimately shifts to other languages.

Culture

1.       Hindi movies depict Tamils as servants. This is derogatory comedy.

2.       Hindi movies depict bearded Muslims as terrorists.

3.       Due to cultural influence, casteism is seen in Muslim communities.

4.       Bihari Muslims in Sura wear Dhoti.

5.       Garba dance is prevalent in Muslim marriages in Gujarat.

6.       Participation of Hindus in Taziya and at Dargah.  

 

 

 

1.       Insecurity among people of certain regions about their indigenous languages

2.       Lack of insight in policymaking and implementation among politicians

3.       ‘Sanskritization’ and ‘Persianization’ of Hindi and Urdu e.g. use of so-called refined Hindi and Urdu by Newspapers.

4.       Language is used as a tool by political leaders.

5.       Foreign dignitaries bring their translator and Indians resort to medium of English.

6.       Indian languages are confined to literary works like poetry and novels.

7.       The medium of instruction is English for higher education like I.I.T.

8.       The growth of Indian languages has become static.

9.       There is growth of separatist movements due to negligence of Indian languages.

Culture    

10.    Cultures are clinging to orthodox forms.

11.    Languages are leading to cultural conflicts.

12.    Kabir’s Boli (Dialect) was a threat to erstwhile rulers

13.    Today, rulers simply celebrate Kabir’s anniversary.

14.    The process of classifying various cultures has deteriorated in to fundamentalism. This has further led to conflicts among cultures.

1.       To uproot conditioning from the Indian psyche that English is the only International language

2.       Advocacy for provision and promotion of local languages in Govt. policy making.

3.       To accept wherever necessary terms like “Agnirath Viram Sthan” from rich and alive Indian languages. This can help develop mutual respect and tolerance for Indian languages

4.       Avoid associating community and religion with language

5.       To encourage composite culture, i.e. people’s culture (Janasanskriti).

6.       To care other’s cultural feelings by adopting principles of equality, justice, mutual respect and tolerance.

 

Theme: Lack or absence of societal peace between castes

Facilitator

Manifestation

Effects

Way Ahead/ Action Plan

Shantaram Pandere

 

Members

B. P. Baiju,

Rosalia,

Vaikunth Bhai,

Ram Narayan,

M. P. Chandran,

Thomas,

B. Harinath

1.       Caste differences in society

2.       Dominance of upper castes

3.       Reservation

4.       Land disputes

5.       Disputes in economical, social, cultural, religious and political fields

6.       Differences in life styles and eating habits

7.       Non-availability of water and electricity for certain lower castes

8.       Scarcity of education

9.       No proper documentation of the history of struggling castes and Adiwasis

10.    Differences in various religious faiths

11.    Deficiency of mass awareness

12.    Deficiency of confidence

13.    Deficiency of unity

14.    Deficiency of organization

15.    Deficiency of education

16.    Deficiency of legal information

17.    Deficiency of resources

18.    Deficiency of able leadership

19.    Deficiency of mass awareness in the social, political, economical and cultural fields

20.    There are mutual differences

21.    Deterioration of the community set-up of society

22.    Caste bondage

23.    Conservatism and religious bondage in the society

24.    Foreign policies and privatization have adversely affected lower castes

25.    Globalisation has adversely affected lower castes

26.    Education policies have adversely affected lower castes

27.    Western culture has adversely affected lower castes

28.    Deterioration of environment has adversely affected lower castes

29.    Religious fanaticism has adversely affected lower castes

 

Positive effects

1.       Awareness is rising among castes.

2.       Confidence is rising among castes.

3.       Assertion of self-identity is rising among castes.

4.       Political awareness is rising among castes.

5.       New leadership is rising among castes.

6.       Women reservation

7.       Rising understanding about water, forests and land

8.       Steps in the direction of self-reliance

9.       Efforts to establish economical equality among castes

10.    Rise in inter-caste marriages

 

Negative effects

1.       Anger, hatred and violence is rising among castes.

2.       False propaganda in the society

3.       Misuse of the OBCs, STs and BCs

4.       Rise in middleman ship

5.       Atrocities on women in power

 

 

1.       Documentation

2.       Establishment of study centres

3.       Development of leadership qualities

4.       Coordination among castes

5.       Mass awareness campaigns

6.       Reformation in political, social and educational ideologies

7.       Formation of organizations

8.       Emphasis on having own mass-media

9.       Political power

10.    Opposing anti-people policies

11.    Evaluation of the activities

 

While reflecting upon the above submitted report, many participants shared their valuable views and opinions. One such point was how badly a concept of secularism is used by politicians for their gains and how a common man is fully confused about such terminologies. Shri, Mani in his contemplation, explained how the concept of secularism is wrongly put before society to mislead a common man. He explained further that the welfare and stability of any society can be assured only if there is secularism. For this, he cited examples of the changes in Government on the Ayodhya issue and the consequent losses not only running in millions of Rupees but also in the form of losses of thousands of human lives. “The destruction of common places of worship was the greatest threat to the secular fabric of India”, opined Shri Anil Chowdhary. He further urged to take every possible step to protect such places of common worship where people of different faiths pray with equal reverence. He disclosed that in Gujarat during recent carnage, several hundred Majars (places of common worship) were deliberately destroyed by anti-social elements.  Shri Mani urged the committee formed for framing the Goa Declaration to work hard and submit within given time frame an all comprehensive Declaration by incorporating all the relevant points revealed during the open discussion forum along with the above submitted report. He felt earnestly that the document should become a manifesto of secular India in its truest sense. He also appealed the delegates representing various states to see that the Goa Declaration is translated in their regional languages for the sake of understanding and follow-up by the common masses in their respective regions.

The three-day symposium was well concluded with an all comprehensive Goa Declaration which is expected to go a long way in guiding and inspiring all secular and humane forces in India working sincerely for restoration of societal peace and well-being.

GOA DECLARATION

FOR

SECULAR & PEACEFUL INDIA

We the delegates comprising social activists, journalists, intellectuals, professionals, trade unionists, representatives of CBO’s, VO’s and NGO’s from different States of India including Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Goa, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Delhi, Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Orissa and Andhra Pradesh met at the Peaceful Society Campus at Kundai in Goa for a three days Symposium from February 16th to 18th, 2003 on the theme “Societal Peace – The most urgent need of today’s India”.

We mourn the lack of societal peace prevailing in various domains of life by an in depth analysis of the manifestations and its effect on vulnerable and marginalised sections of society. We also explored root causes and inter-linkages contributing to the lack of societal peace in various fields and strived to find a way forward.

On the conclusion of this three days deliberation we hereby adopt the following declaration.

“We feel that lack of societal peace worldwide and particularly in India has reached a critical stage today and is being manifested as under;

Ø      Snatching away the common property resources and further discrimination of the poor marginalised section of societies especially the dalits, adivasis, Muslims, Christians, and other vulnerable sections in the name of privatisation and development.

Ø      Withdrawing of States from social welfare schemes for the marginalised sections and diverting the funds towards providing infrastructure facilities that benefits a privileged few.

Ø      Suppression of people’s movements from protecting their environment, basic rights, and livelihood.

Ø      Driving people to loose faith in governance due to absence of morality, serious levels of corruption, lack of political will, and failure to deliver the expectations of the people.  This has also led to the dominance by the bureaucrats. 

Ø      Suffering to women and children due to unabated exploitation and oppression resulting from the displacement and migration of bread earners leading to the splitting of communities, joint families as well as nuclear families thus contributing to individualism.

Ø      Criminalisation of politics, lack of ideology among political party’s, politics of revenge and opportunism at the national level has down graded the democratic system of this Country. The four pillars of our parliamentary democracy viz, legislature, judiciary, bureaucracy and media have been systematically weakened by such forces. 

Ø      The government is selling public assets at throwaway prices to private and multinational companies in the name of liberalisation and privatisation leading to retrenchment, lack of employment opportunities, impoverishment and vulnerability to anti-social elements.

Ø      Draconian laws like POTA are being enacted under the guise of protecting internal security and threat from terrorism.

Ø      Emergence of new caste and classes with a new identity of violence and brutality.  These identities have been reformed by the dominant castes in order to suppress and oppress the dalits and adivasis and use them for their vested fanatical agendas.

Ø      Impact of religious fanaticism for over a decade has resulted in ghettoisation of the oppressed Muslims, Christians, dalits and adivasis resulting in communalism and genocide like that recently witnessed in Gujarat. The situation has reached a point wherein the oppressive religious fundamentalist and fanatics are seeking to establish a theocratic state.

Ø      The political systems and rulers of the Indian sub-continent have failed in creating conducive and cooperative atmosphere to enhance societal peace leading to militerisation at the cost of poor and marginalised sections of society.  This is one of the biggest sources of lack of societal peace in the Indian sub-continent.

Ø      At the international level, in the name of globalisation and anti-terror campaign, the United States and other imperialist forces are trying to destabilise third world countries and grab their resources for protecting their own interests.

Ø      The Bretton Wood’s institutions (IMF, World Bank, etc.) and the World Trade Organisation are actively engaged in pushing destructive development models and negating the alternative model of people’s development.

In light of the above scenario we the delegates feel an urgent need to form new and extensive alliances of people’s organisations and support grass-root initiatives. We further see the need to create mass awareness for mobilising youth for combating the communal, fanatic, fundamentalist and imperialist global market forces.

We hereby resolve and pledge to establish a “Forum for Secular and Peaceful India” in order to protect and preserve for future generations, our rich and traditional peaceful social fabric and cultural heritage from being destroyed by these destructive forces.” Report by : Miss Swati Mohanty , Ulhas Arolkar

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